Various shapes can be produced by changing the shapes, place, and number of ripples and adding some process and treatment to each part in the figure given below.


1. Effective diameter
2. Centered disk diameter
3. Hole diameter
4. Outside diameter
5. Pitch
6. Number of ripples
7. Thickness
8. Ripple depth
9. Total height


A. Centered disk section
- Some diaphragms have no centered disk section. Some are circular or geometrical.
- Some are level or vertical. Others have angles. Others are a combination of these.
- Some have holes or processed shapes in this part.

B. Ripple section
- Some shapes have a curved line, a straight line, or a combined line at the section.
- It consists of from 0.5 to several lines.
- Some shapes have a straight line, a curved line, or a combined line at the center of ripples.

C. Rib section
- Some diaphragms do not have this part.
- Some are level or vertical. Others have angles. Others are a combination of these.

D. Flange section
- Some diaphragms do not have this part.
- Outside circumferences of some types are circular or geometric.
- Some are level or vertical. Others have angles. Others have the combination.
- This part can be processed with a hole or be partially processed in shape.